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2.
Act of State
– A principle of international law that
holds that the domestic actions of a sovereign state are not subject to judicial review by foreign
courts.
3.
Advisory Opinion
– A non-binding opinion issued by
international courts or tribunals in response to legal questions posed by a state or international
organization.
4.
Arbitration
– A method of resolving disputes outside of
courts where an impartial third party makes a binding decision.
5.
Arms Control
– International agreements aimed at
regulating or reducing the proliferation and use of weapons, particularly nuclear, chemical, and biological
weapons.
6.
Asylum – Protection granted to individuals in a foreign country
due to fear of persecution in their home country.
7.
Atrocity Crimes
– Serious violations of international law,
including genocide, war crimes, and crimes against humanity.
8.
Balance of Power
– A concept in international relations in
which states or groups of states maintain equilibrium through alliances, military capabilities, and diplomacy
to prevent any one state from becoming too dominant.
9.
Bilateral Treaty
– A treaty between two sovereign states
regulating their relationship on specific matters.
10.
Charter of the United
Nations – The foundational
treaty of the UN that outlines its principles, purposes, and structure.
11.
CIL (Customary International
Law) – A body of
international law derived from state practice and accepted as legally binding, even if not codified in
treaties.
12.
Conflict of Laws
– A field of international law concerned
with determining which jurisdiction's laws apply in cases involving foreign elements.
13.
Consular Immunity
– A form of diplomatic immunity granted to
consuls, allowing them to carry out their duties without interference from the host country's
laws.
14.
Convention
– A formal, legally binding agreement
between states under international law, often dealing with specific issues like human rights or
trade.
15.
Diplomatic Immunity
– A principle of international law that
provides diplomats with legal protection from the host country’s laws while performing official
duties.
16.
Diplomatic
Privileges – Benefits and
protections afforded to diplomats under international law, including immunity from arrest and personal
liability.
17.
Extradition
– The formal process through which one
country requests the return of a suspected criminal from another country.
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